Stoichiometry Lab

Stoichiometry February 28th, 2013 Abstract The reactions of the Sodium Hydroxide and two acids, Hydrochloric Acid and sulphuric Acid were performed. The heat given kill by these two reactions was utilize to determine the stoichiometric ratio and the qualifying reactants in each examine. entering Coefficients in a balanced equations show how many moles of each reactant is require to react with each other and how many moles of each product that leave al oneness be formed. Stoichiometry solelyows us to calculate the derive of reactants needed and excessively the amount of product.The major basis of stoichiometry is formed by the law of definite proportions, which states that a chemical compound always contains the exact proportion of elements by mass. This is also the heart of balancing chemical equations. The coefficients of a balanced equation cornerstone also be thought of as the ratios in which the reactants combine. In the chemical equation A+ B AB the coefficients tell us that for every(prenominal) one mole of reactant A one moles of reactant B are needed and use to produce the product AB.If two moles of A was present and further one mole of B the excess mole of A would wee-wee nothing to react with. In this reaction B would be the limiting reactant. The reaction is limited due to B because once B is all used up, the reaction will stop, and there would be an excess of refreshing A. The progress of a reaction can be metric by the heat energy that is given off. Exothermic reactions give off heat and therefore an increase in temperature also occurs. The reaction among an acid and a base is also known as neutralization, and is unremarkably an exothermic reaction.When reactants are combined at stoichiometric ratios the reaction is able-bodied to be completed and would exert the most heat energy. The purpose of this science lab was to carry out the reaction between a basic termination of Sodium Hydroxide with Hydrochloric acid, and also the r eaction of Sodium Hydroxide with sulfuric Acid to determine the limiting reactant and the stoichiometric ratio of each experiment. unconscious process Reaction surrounded by HCL and NaOH Diluted Solutions of HCL and NaOH were prepared. 120 ml of 3M stock of HCl and NaOH were mensurable with a graduated cylinder and placed into two 250 ml beakers.Two 400ml beakers were modify with 240 ml of irrigate measured by graduated cylinder. The 120ml of HCl was added to one of the beakers containing water and the 120 NaOH to the other, both being added slowly while stirring the solving vigourously. Label the beakers HCl and NaOH. Keep the beakers covered with a watch glass when not in use. Measure and record the temperature of the NaOH solution using the PASCO Explorer temperature probe. happen upon sure to rinse off and dry the probe after every use. Obtain a coffee cup calorimeter and lid to house the reactions.Measure the tolerate amount HCl (see chart A) pour it in the calorimeter and determine its temperature using the temperature probe. scan the temperature. Measure the corresponding amount of NaOH (see chart A) and add it to the calorimeter all at once. Put the lid back on the calorimeter and stir it carefully with the probe. picture the highest temperature reached as the reaction occurs. Rinse the cup with deionized water and dry. Repeat experiment for each of the amounts of chart A. chart A) Amount of each reactant l 1. 0 M Acid 55. 0 50. 0 45. 0 40. 0 35. 0 30. 0 25. 0 20. 0 15. 0 10. 0 5. 0 ml 1. 0 M NaOH 5. 0 10. 0 15. 0 20. 0 25. 0 30. 0 35. 0 40. 0 45. 0 50. 0 55. 0 * usage 100 ml graduated cylinder for measuring volumes 30 to 55 ml, 25 ml graduated cylinder for volumes 15ml through 25 ml, and 10 ml graduated cylinder for volumes 5ml and 10 ml Reaction Between H? SO? and NaOH Use the procedure from the Reaction Between HCL and NaOH besides substitute the HCl with H? SO? , and the same amounts listed in chart A.